Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites that are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. To diagnose malaria, it is necessary to identify the specific species of Plasmodium that is causing the infection. Several laboratory tests are available for the identification of the malaria parasite species, including microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests, and molecular methods such as PCR. Microscopy involves examining blood smears under a microscope to identify the characteristic features of the parasite, while rapid diagnostic tests detect specific antigens produced by the parasite. Molecular methods, such as PCR, can detect the presence of the parasite’s DNA in the blood and can also identify the species of Plasmodium causing the infection. Accurate identification of the malaria parasite species is important for determining the appropriate treatment and for monitoring drug resistance.